We established the emulsion method using membrane filter with precise control of LC droplet distribution in PDLC. PDLC cells with various LC droplet size distributions such as single droplet sizes of 1.0 μn, 1.9 μn and 3.5 μm, the mixture of two different LC droplet sizes and the mixture of three different LC droplet sizes were fabricated and the electro-optical properties of the emulsion type PDLC cells with various droplet size distribution were investigated. In the appropriate droplet size range, the PDLCs with the single droplet sizes distributions have good electro optical properties than those with the mixture of three different LC droplet sizes. In addition, the PDLC cells with the mixture of two different LC droplet sizes have the better electro optical properties than those with single droplet sizes distribution. The PDLC cell with dual droplet size distribution of 1.0+1.9 μm shown the best electro optical properties than the PDLC cells with other size distributions. This method enabled us to find the proper LC droplet size distribution for achieving both high transmittance and contrast ratio.

Abstract: Carbon aerogels are promising materials as electrodes for electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). An optimum process is presented for synthesis of nanoporous carbon aerogels via pyrolyzing resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) organic aerogels, which could be cost-effectively manufactured from RF wet gels. The major reactions between resorcinol and formaldehyde include an addition reaction to form hydroxymethyl derivatives (-CH(2)OH), and then a condensation reaction of the hydroxymethyl derivatives (-CH(2)-)- and methylene ether (-CH(2)OCH(2)-) bridged compounds. The textural properties of carbon aerogels obtained were characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis and SEM and TEM. The application of the resultant carbon for electrodes of electric double layers capacitor (EDLC) in organic TEABF4/ACN electrolyte indicated that the ESR, as low as 55 mΩ, was smaller than for commercially activated carbons. And EDLC with carbon Aerogel electrodes has an excellent stable more than for commercially activated carbons.